To the casual observer, solar panels are solar panels. But looks can be deceiving.
In the past, solar panels had a clunky effect that ruined the aesthetics of your roof. However, thanks to technological advancements, many solar panels are sleek in design and can efficiently generate enough electricity to meet your energy needs.
As of 2021, more than half the residential solar panels installed in the US had efficiency ratings above 20%, compared with 0.6% a decade ago, according to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Tracking the Sun report.
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Understanding the different types of panels and how to choose between them can be confusing. Here’s what you need to know.
What are the different types of solar panels?
There are three main types of solar panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline and thin-film solar panels. Their prices vary based on appearance, efficiency ratio, composite materials and design. The different types of solar panels have their pros and cons.
Before deciding on a specific type of solar panel, its best to first consider factors such as space on your rooftop, aesthetics, temperature resistance, warranty length, your budget, and overall cost versus return on investment expectations, said Rohit Kalyanpur, CEO of Optivolt, a Silicon Valley-based solar technology company. A solar panel system that generates more energy or is more reliable, but more expensive, may provide better returns over its lifetime, he said.
Monocrystalline panels
Monocrystalline solar panels are made from a single silicon crystal, an ingot, sliced into thin wafers. They have the highest efficiency rates, ranging from 17% to 22%. The average cost of these panels is between $1 and $1.50 per watt, but prices may differ depending on location. Their aesthetic appeal comes from their all-black appearance.
